Physical Education
Mehdi Zarei; Rahim Golmohammadi; Elham Iziy; Seyed Mehdi Beheshti Nasr
Volume 28, Issue 2 , May and June 2021, , Pages 165-172
Abstract
Introduction: There has been no report on the effect of epilepsy on liver enzymes and lipoproteins and its changes following exercisetraining in epileptic rats with Pentylenetetrazole. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 70 male rats were placed in 7 groups. An intact group, three groups ...
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Introduction: There has been no report on the effect of epilepsy on liver enzymes and lipoproteins and its changes following exercisetraining in epileptic rats with Pentylenetetrazole. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 70 male rats were placed in 7 groups. An intact group, three groups of Kindle and three groups of non-Kindle who received PTZ or normal saline injections every 48 hours until the animals were kindled. 24 hours after Kindling, blood samples were collected in intact group and two groups of Kindle and non-Kindle. One Kindle group and one non-Kindle group from the remaining four groups performed aerobic exercise for six weeks, and the other two groups were inactive for six weeks. Blood were collected 24 hours after the 6-week period, and were compared with control groups. Results: After 4 weeks of Kindling period, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, liver enzymes (P <0.001) and antigenic coefficient (P <0.01) increased significantly in the epileptic group. After six weeks of aerobic exercise in Kindle animals; Triglycerides (P <0.001), liver enzymes (P <0.01) and antigenic coefficients significantly reduced, and high-density lipoprotein significantly increased (P <0.01). Conclusion: The results showed that aerobic exercise in epileptic rats with Pentylenetetrazole improved lipid profile impairement and increased liver enzymes caused by epilepsy.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahim Golmohammadi; Motahaerh Golmohammadi
Volume 27, Issue 3 , September and October 2020, , Pages 380-383
Abstract
AbstractBackground and Purpose: The new methods of the evaluation of critical thinking skills educate is necessary for approaches with patient in early clinical exposure in medical students .Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences ...
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AbstractBackground and Purpose: The new methods of the evaluation of critical thinking skills educate is necessary for approaches with patient in early clinical exposure in medical students .Material and Methods: This descriptive-analytical study was carried out at Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences in 2016-2018. The present study was conducted in collaboration with 34 medical students inclouded(24 males and 10 females) in this study using California Critical Thinking Skills Questionnaire (CCTST). Early Clinical Exposure (ECE) and after skill education- (ECE) were performed in the related to analysis, inductive and deductive reasoning skills. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software using MC-Nemar and paired t-tests (Pair: T-test).Results: Mean scores of analysis skills before and after undergoing preliminary anatomy of the patient (Early Clinical Exposure)the correct answer were significant in the area of inductive reasoning and inference or reasoning deductive before and after ECE with Critical Thinking Skills training (P 0.05.Conclusion: The results showed that teaching ccritical thinking skills training improves learners' quality and also provides positive feedback to the teacher, learner and patient.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahim Golmohammadi; Ebrahim Shirzadeh
Volume 26, Issue 1 , March and April 2019, , Pages 119-125
Abstract
Background:. The new methods of the teaching of cardiovascular system have been surface anatomy educate is necessary for physical examinations in clinic. . The purpose of the present study was to identify of the effectiveness surface in the anatomy education of heart auscultation. Material and Methods: ...
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Background:. The new methods of the teaching of cardiovascular system have been surface anatomy educate is necessary for physical examinations in clinic. . The purpose of the present study was to identify of the effectiveness surface in the anatomy education of heart auscultation. Material and Methods: A descriptive analytical study was conducted on 34 of the medical students were into divided two group according to sex then separately instructed to the small groups 17 (n=2) the students for teaching of the surface heart auscultation. Before and after education of heart auscultation the surface anatomy, they exactly find proper exact location for heart.. The collected data were analyzed by using pair and t tests.Results: Out of 34 students 10 were male and 24 female , the average age of the students was 21.54± 1.63 in the males whereas it was 20.56± 1.6 in the females. Mean of time to the find correct foci for mitral , tricuspid, aorta and pulmonary of heart auscultation after surface anatomy education was significantly lesser compared with the current or before applying new education method (P < 0.001). Results showed heart auscultation for mitral, pulmonary and aorta was significantly compared better when compared with the result before surface anatomy education.Conclusion: The results showed that teaching of the surface anatomy heart auscultation for medical students result in better finding of exact heart auscultation and decreased the time taking for finding such location.
Anatomy, Histologyو Embryology
Rahim Golmohammadi; mohammadreza Mohajeri; Motahareh Golmohammadi
Volume 25, Issue 3 , July and August 2018, , Pages 271-278
Abstract
AbstractBackground and purpose: The effect of the marker expression high molecular weight cytokeratin ) HMWCK ( in Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and adenocarcinoma prostate. There were conventional reported about rate expression HMWCK in adenocarcinoma prostate The purpose of this studied was to ...
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AbstractBackground and purpose: The effect of the marker expression high molecular weight cytokeratin ) HMWCK ( in Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and adenocarcinoma prostate. There were conventional reported about rate expression HMWCK in adenocarcinoma prostate The purpose of this studied was to determine expression of the marker HMWCK with histopathological parameters in BPH and adnocarcinoma in prostatic by immunohistochemistry methods. Materials and Methods: This descriptive analytical research was conducted on 79 patients admitted to Hospital in Isfahan Iran. Samples were fixed in formalin and tissue processing and stained by hematoxilin and eosin adenocarcinoma samples were classified with Gleason pattern ( score) method by two pathologist. The effect of over expression in marker expression HMWCK was done after diagnosis by two expert(blind). The obtained data were analyzed using chi-square test.Results: Out of the 79 specimens 43 samples were BPH and 36 samples were adenocarcinoma . in 40 samples with diagnosis BPH were observed of the marker HMWCK and 3 samples were negative. Out of 36 samples with diagnosis adenocarcinoma 35 them over expression marker of the HMWCK were negative but one samples was positive. . The over specimens malignancy were in higher Gleason score There was significant relationships between type samples (BPH and adenocarcinoma) with over expression of the marker HMWCK P
MohammadHasan Rakhshani; Javad Mahdavinasab; Khadijeh Mohammadi; Mostafa Abbasi; Hasan Ravansalar; Akbar Pejhan; Javad Hadadnia; Rahim Golmohammadi
Volume 21, Issue 1 , March and April 2015, , Pages 53-60
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two types of quran voice , Majlisi or Tartil on IgA, IgM, IgG, C3, C4 and White Blood Cell count.
Methods and Materials: this study was conducted on 60 volunteer students in sabzevar university of Medical sciences. Subjects were divided ...
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Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of two types of quran voice , Majlisi or Tartil on IgA, IgM, IgG, C3, C4 and White Blood Cell count.
Methods and Materials: this study was conducted on 60 volunteer students in sabzevar university of Medical sciences. Subjects were divided randomly into 2 groups. In the first group, participants heard to Majlisi voice and in the second group, subjects heard to Tartil voice of Quran for 20 minutes. Blood sampling were done before and after Quran hearing. IgA, IgM, IgG, C3 and C4 were measured by SRID and kit method and white blood cell count was done by cell counter. Data were analyzed using SPSS16 software and U Mann – Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests.
Results: Hearing the Majlisi voice significantly increased the IgG (p=0.032), C3 (p=0.049) and C4 (p=0.004), but it did not change other factors. Hearing the Tartil voice rose significantly gust the IgG (p=0.008) and C3 (p=0.001).
Conclusion: The results of this study shows that hearing to both types of Quran voice (Majlisi or Tartil) can go up the immune system factors and inhance this to encountering some stressful and critical situations.
Rahim Golmohammadi; Akbar Pejhan; Arash Akaberi; Ladan Najjar; Hamideh Yazdimoghaddam
Volume 21, Issue 5 , September and October 2014, , Pages 903-912
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Evaluation of puberty stages is important to assess adolescent health. This study has been done with the aim of determination of the average age of onset of puberty and its relationship with Body Mass Index (BMI) in male students of Sabzevar city in the North East of Iran in 1390.
Methods ...
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Background and Purpose: Evaluation of puberty stages is important to assess adolescent health. This study has been done with the aim of determination of the average age of onset of puberty and its relationship with Body Mass Index (BMI) in male students of Sabzevar city in the North East of Iran in 1390.
Methods and Materials: This cross - sectional study was conducted on 252 male students of secondary schools and high schools of Sabzevar, Iran, with the age of 11-18 years who were selected by probability and multistage sampling. Data were collected through a Tanner standardized questionnaire; afterwards, measuring of height and weight and BMI calculation were performed. Data were analyzed in SPSS 15 using chi-square test, t-test, ANOVA and Bonfronie post hoc test, analysis of covariance, Spearman correlation coefficient and Kappa agreement coefficient; significance level was considered as 0.05.
Results: To conduct this study, we selected a group of researchers who were trained for the initiation of project for assessing puberty in male schools in order to increase the accuracy of determining the Tanner stages. Students were examined for their height and weight, size of penis and testicles, and the manner of pubic and axillary hair growth as well as also voice changes. Mean final growth stage of testicles and scrotum (G5 stage), pubic hair (P5 stage), were measured to be 16.40 ± 1.65 and 16.79 ± 1.19 years respectively, and their mean BMI at P2 and G2 were 20.96±4.1 and 19.49±3.66 kg /m2 respectively.
Conclusion: Regarding to the declining age of puberty and its relationship with BMI, health systems should focus on training programs and encouraging teenagers to begin changing their lifestyle. Age of puberty onset in male students is similar to many other countries but determining the precise status of puberty in Iranian children requires further studies in different provinces, rural and urban areas as well as longitudinal studies.
Gholamreza Nouri; Rahim Golmohammadi
Volume 21, Issue 2 , May and June 2014, , Pages 302-309
Abstract
Background: There are many factors that effect on the lungs capacity and treatment process in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Smoking, as a risk factor, is important in this process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Salmeterol on some parameters of pulmonary ventilation ...
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Background: There are many factors that effect on the lungs capacity and treatment process in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Smoking, as a risk factor, is important in this process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Salmeterol on some parameters of pulmonary ventilation in smokers and non-smokers patients with COPD.
Materials and Methods: This desiccative analytical study was done on 117 patients with respiratory symptoms of COPD who had referred to an internist during 2010-2013 in Sabzevar city, Iran. Data collection methods include observation, clinical symptoms, and respiratory test (spirometry) that was performed by a physician. Before and after Salmeterol inhalation, pulmonary function tests were performed, and pulmonary parameters FEVI, FVC, FEV1% and PEF were measured and recorded. Data were analyzed using paired t test, and independent t test.
Results: Of 117 patients 75(64%) were male and 42(36%) were female. The mean age of smokers and non-smokers was 42.36±18.20 and 50.14±18.56, respectively; which was statistically significan (P
Rahim Golmohammadi; Gholamreza Dashti
Volume 19, Issue 4 , January and February 2013, , Pages 382-389
Abstract
Background: Identifying the students of the styles learning of anatomy is one of the most important leaning processes for applied anatomy in clinic. Therefore, the methods of the teaching of anatomy are undergone unavoidable changes in the last decades entire the world. For example, the contents of the ...
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Background: Identifying the students of the styles learning of anatomy is one of the most important leaning processes for applied anatomy in clinic. Therefore, the methods of the teaching of anatomy are undergone unavoidable changes in the last decades entire the world. For example, the contents of the course have been integrated with regional and systemic anatomy for better educational outcome. Among some methods for teaching of the anatomy traditional lecturing and modern problem based learning (PBL) were compared and evaluated. The purpose of the present study was to identifying the students of the styles learning of anatomy of methods problem based learning and lecturing
Material and Methods: A descriptive analytical study was conducted on 142 of the medical basic science students. They were included of 51 male and 91 female at the Sabzevar University of medical sciences. The course of general anatomy was doing lecturing then separately instructed to the small groups (n=6) of the students on aim lesson course and plan by PBL method. A questionnaire consists of a check list to find the students' views and attitude was used. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS software (version11.5). For determining any significant differences chi-square and ANOVA tests were performed and were considered significant when P value was less than 0.05.
Results: the average age of the students was 19.75± 1.40 in the males whereas it was 19.25± 1.36 in the females. There was a significant difference between the first selected in the learning process learning styles students with of lecturing and PBL (P < 0.01) methods. Therefore was no significantly between hearing and objective style students with of lecturing and PBL methods in the learning process(P=0.1,P=0.79) respectively. The motor style was first selected in anatomical learning by students.
Conclusion: The results showed that for undergraduate students of learning motor style in educational anatomy was more efficient better outcome compared with hearing and watching in lecturing or PBL methods.
Akbar Pejhan; Rahim Golmohammadi
Volume 17, Issue 2 , July and August 2010, , Pages 123-128
Abstract
Background and Purpose: P53 gene is one of the genes which undergoes mutations in breast cancer. The rate of p53 gene mutation has been variously reported. However, its mutation is considered resistant to chemotherapy. This study is intended to determine p53 gene overexpression with histopathological ...
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Background and Purpose: P53 gene is one of the genes which undergoes mutations in breast cancer. The rate of p53 gene mutation has been variously reported. However, its mutation is considered resistant to chemotherapy. This study is intended to determine p53 gene overexpression with histopathological parameters in breast cancer. Methods and Materials: This descriptive analytical research was conducted on 80 samples of non-randomized breast cancer cases admitted to hospitals in Sabzevar, Iran from 2007 to 2010. After samples were fixed in formalin, they underwent tissue processing and were stained by H&E. After malignancy diagnosis, the p53 gene overexpression was detected by immunohistochemical methods in the samples after fixation, tissue processing and antigen retrieval. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS 11.5 using chi-square test. Results: Out of 80 specimens of breast cancer, p53 gene expression was observed in 39 specimens (48.8%), which was one positive (+) in 21 cases, two positive (++) in 10 cases and three positive (+++) in 8 cases. No significant relationships were observed between p53 protein stability with tumor stages, as well as age groups of over 45 years and below with tumor stages. Conclusion: P53 protein stability was detected in about half of the samples, which can signify the high rate of mutation of p53 gene in breast cancer in Sabzevar, Iran.
Rahim Golmohammadi; Ebrahim Shirzadeh
Volume 15, Issue 4 , January and February 2009, , Pages 226-230
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Technology has caused great progress in the novel molecular diagnosis and research methods in medical laboratory. Novel methods have also led to the higher accuracy rates in laboratory procedures which are of considerable importance in clinical follow-up of genetic diseases. Therefore ...
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Background and Purpose: Technology has caused great progress in the novel molecular diagnosis and research methods in medical laboratory. Novel methods have also led to the higher accuracy rates in laboratory procedures which are of considerable importance in clinical follow-up of genetic diseases. Therefore this study is intended to investigate factors affecting gene amplification in polymerase chain reaction in order to enhance diagnostic accuracy. Materials and Methods: This deh1ive analytical research was conducted on 61 adenocarcinoma specimens in the cellular and molecular departments of Sabzevar and Isfahan Universities of Medical Sciences in Iran. DNA was extracted by the standard kit; then the segment AURKA gene and P53 Gene were amplified using two pairs of specific primers and different concentration Mgcl2 in a PCR assay. PCR product was electrophoresized in agarose gel. Results: Electrophoresis of PCR product with Mgcl2 concentrations of 3 and 5 mm was better than 1.5 mm. The primer with concentration of 1 mm was better than 5 and 10 mm. From the two pairs of primers used in amplifying AURKA gene axon 4 one pair of primers was better than the other pair. From the two pairs of primers used for amplifying the axon 5 of P53 gene in PCR assay one pair was better than the other. Conclusions: Primer type and concentration of Mgcl2 are important in amplifying genes in the polymerase chain reaction assay.
GH.R DASHTI; R GOLMOHAMMADI; P VAHEDI
Volume 15, Issue 1 , March and April 2008, , Pages 14-19
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Technological Progress and urbanization have caused lead pollution in air water and earth and higher lead intakes into the body have renal and nervous disorders. Since ascorbic acid acts as a can antioxidant can it reduce the toxic effects of lead in kidneys? In order to answer ...
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Background and Purpose: Technological Progress and urbanization have caused lead pollution in air water and earth and higher lead intakes into the body have renal and nervous disorders. Since ascorbic acid acts as a can antioxidant can it reduce the toxic effects of lead in kidneys? In order to answer this question this study was designed to investigate the macroscopic and microscopic effects of ascorbic acid on the kidney of male rabbits exposed to lead.
Methods and Materials: This experimental research was conducted on 40 white male rabbits at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Iran. After adapting to the new environment rabbits were randomly assigned into four groups of ten: a control group exclusive ascorbic acid group exclusive lead group and the fourth group receiving both lead and ascorbic acid. After a 40-day diet they were anaesthetized by pentobarbital and their kidneys were extracted. Tissue processing was conducted after kidneys were weighed and measured. Also five-micron sections were prepared through serial sections stained with H&E. The slides were studied using a light microscope. ANOVA and t-test were used in data analysis.
Results: Mean weight and dimension of the Kidneys were not significantly different across the four groups. Proximal convoluted tubules were observed in the exclusive lead group but not in other three groups.
Conclusion: Ascorbic acid was effective in reducing the toxic effects of lead on kidney tissues.
MR MOHAJERI; R GOLMOHAMMADI; SM ZARGARIAN
Volume 14, Issue 3 , September and October 2007, , Pages 141-146
Abstract
Background and purpose: Genetic damages and dietary habits play important parts in colorectal cancer (CRC). p53 protein, a product of p53 gene, is the most important tumor suppressor.
The rate of p53 mutation and expression has been variously reported across anatomical regions. p53 protein has a short ...
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Background and purpose: Genetic damages and dietary habits play important parts in colorectal cancer (CRC). p53 protein, a product of p53 gene, is the most important tumor suppressor.
The rate of p53 mutation and expression has been variously reported across anatomical regions. p53 protein has a short half-life which tends to increase with mutation and is likely to be traced by immunohistochemistry. This study is intended to determine the p53 protein stability by pathological parameters across different areas in CRC.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive analytical research was conducted on 80 CRC cases admitted to Hospital in Isfahan, Iran from 2003 to 2007. p53 expression was detected by immunohistochemical methods in the samples after fixation, tissue processing and antigen retrieval. The obtained data were analyzed using chi-square.
Results: of the 80 specimens investigated, p53 protein stability was observed in 27 specimens (34%). No significant relationships were observed between p53 protein stability and tumor staging, differentiation and anatomical regions (colon and rectum) but the relationship between protein stability and mutation was significant.
Conclusion: p53 protein stability was observed in many mutated samples. Therefore, p53 protein detection in Cancer cases can be considered an important symptom of mutation signifying the prognosis and progress of cancer.
SM ZARGARIAN; R GOLMOHAMMADI
Volume 14, Issue 1 , March and April 2007, , Pages 7-14
Abstract
Background and purpose: Assessment of genetic changes from a molecular viewpoint is essential for diagnosis, follow-up and treatment. For molecular procedures, DNA extraction is the first step. Therefore, applying economical and easy procedures will be helpful. Pathological specimens are normally fixed ...
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Background and purpose: Assessment of genetic changes from a molecular viewpoint is essential for diagnosis, follow-up and treatment. For molecular procedures, DNA extraction is the first step. Therefore, applying economical and easy procedures will be helpful. Pathological specimens are normally fixed in formalin and paraffin after surgery and it is important to extract quality DNA from specimens. This study is intended to compare Chelex and Phenol / Chloroform methods of DNA extraction in Paraffin-embedded Colorectal Cancer specimens and their effect on PCR-SPSS.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 60 colorectal cancer specimens including 10 rectal and 50 various colon specimens. DNA extractions were done by Chelex and Phelex / Chloroform methods and their quality and quantity were measured by spectrophotometer. The P53 gene was amplified using specific primers in a PCR assay and, consequently, electrophoresis was done. The two methods were compared and analyzed by Kappa coefficient.
Results: Out of 60 subjects, 15 were female and 45 male. Their age ranged from 44 to 91 with the mean being 62 years. Quality DNA was extracted from 44 formalin-fixed specimens by Chelex method, and the PCR was positive. However, with the same sample, 32 specimens had suitable PCR assay by Phenol / Chloroform method. Therefore, a significant relationship was observed between the two methods (p
M NIKBAKHT; R GOLMOHAMMADI
Volume 13, Issue 1 , March and April 2006, , Pages 7-13
Abstract
Background and purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most important common cancers all over the world. Its prevalence varies with geographical distribution. Its multifactorial cause may include environmental, genetic and dietary origins. P53 is the most important tumor suppressive gene. P53 exon 6 ...
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Background and purpose: Colorectal cancer is one of the most important common cancers all over the world. Its prevalence varies with geographical distribution. Its multifactorial cause may include environmental, genetic and dietary origins. P53 is the most important tumor suppressive gene. P53 exon 6 mutation with protein overexpression is reported in different areas. This study is intended to determine the relationship between P53 exon 6 mutation with protein overxpression and prognosis in colorectal cancer.
Methods and Materials: This study was conducted on 80 cases of Colorectal cancers, admitted to Isfahan hospitals in Isfahan, Iran from 1382 (2003) to 1385(2006). DNA was extracted by phenol chloroform isoamil alcohol at the Genetic Department of the faculty of Medicine. Exon 6 of the P53 gene was amplified using primers in a PCR assay. After gel electrophoresis by SSCP method, exon 6 mutations were determined. P53 protein overexpression was determined in cases by immunohistochemistry. Chi-square test was used for data analysis.
Results: Mutations were observed in 12 cases (15%); in 10 cases, mutations demonstrated protein overexpression as well. No significant relationship was observed between P53 exon 6 mutation and its overexpression (p>0.05).
Conclusion: The study revealed that not all P53 exon 6 mutations were accompanied by P53 overexpression. Therefore, besides immuno histochemistry, we need PCR-SSCP or sequencing for diagnosis.
R GOLMOHAMMADI; E SHIRZADEH; R KHASHEEI
Volume 12, Issue 2 , July and August 2005, , Pages 20-25
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Rubella is a member of togaviridate viruses, with minor morbidity in children. Rubella infection during pregnancy causes various malformations including congenital cataract. Immunity against it is, therefore, important in girls before marriage and it is recommended in girls without ...
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Background and Purpose: Rubella is a member of togaviridate viruses, with minor morbidity in children. Rubella infection during pregnancy causes various malformations including congenital cataract. Immunity against it is, therefore, important in girls before marriage and it is recommended in girls without antirubella antibody in some countries. This study is intended to determine the anti-rubella immunity in premarriage girls in Sabzevar, Iran.
Methods and Materials: This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 186 pre-marriage girls in Sabzevar, Iran to determine serological anti-rubella (IgG and IgM)using ELlSA. NOVUM DIAGNOSTICA Kit was used for tests and SPSS for data analysis.
Results: 172 girls (92.5%) were positive and 14 girls (7.5%) negative, Le. high risk group.152 girls (81.7%) already infected with rubella were now positive and 11 girls (5.9%) negative.
Conclusion: Subjects' age and IgG antibody did not show any significant relationships while a significant relationship was found between exposure to rubella and IgG (p